I am making this glossary for people to understand better about my field of study that is nutrition.
Allergen
Noun
A substance that can cause an allergy (condition of the body reacting badly to something) but is not harmful to most people.
Example: Treatment is avoidance of the allergen and topical steroids to settle the eczema.
en: Allergène
Amino acids
Noun
Any of the chemical substances found in plants and animals that combines to make protein.
Example: The number of AMINO ACIDS per helix ranges from 3 to 30.
en: Acides aminés
Antioxidant
Noun
A chemical substance that prevents or slows down the damage that oxygen does to organisms or to food.
Example: Vitamin C's antioxidant activity may help boost immune function and may make some people feel better.
en: Antioxydant
Blood sugar
Noun
The level of glucose (= a type of sugar) in the blood. If this level is too low or too high, it can make you ill.
Example: Exercise helps lower blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of diabetes.
en: Glycémie
Calcium
Noun
A chemical element that is present in teeth, bones, and chalk.
Example: Our results suggest that these metabolites are involved in diverse signaling pathways such as calcium release and cell cycle signaling.
en: Calcium
Calories
Noun
A unit of energy, often used as a measurement of the amount of energy that food provides.
Example: An athlete in training needs a lot of calories.
en: Calories
Carbohydrates
Noun
Substances composed of long chains of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon molecules. Sugar, starch, and cellulose are all carbohydrates. In the human body, carbohydrates play a major role in respiration; in plants, they are important in photosynthesis.
Example: That is also why there is no RNI set for fats and CARBOHYDRATES.
en: Glucides
Collagen
Noun
A protein found especially in the joints (places where two bones are connected) of humans and animals.
Example: The cuticle is a multilayered structure that consists primarily of collagen.
en: Collagène
Diabetes
Noun
A disease in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood.
Example: Diabetes is diagnosed with a blood test.
en: Diabète
Fibers
Noun
The part of foods eaten that is not digested but that passes through the body and is excreted as waste.
Example: Doctors recommend a diet of fruits, vegetables, and grains that are high in fiber.
en: Fibres
Intolerance
Noun
If you have a food intolerance, you cannot digest particular food in a normal way and may feel ill if you eat it.
Example: Amy has an intolerance to dairy products.
en: Intolérence
Lipids
Noun
A substance such as a fat, oil, or wax that dissolves in alcohol but not in water and is an important part of living cells.
Example: The third type of damage is oxidative degradation of LIPIDS (lipid peroxidation) in the body.
en: Lipides
Malnutrition
Noun
Physical weakness and bad health caused by having too little food, or too little of the types of food necessary for good health.
Example: Many of the refugees are suffering from severe malnutrition.
en: Malnutrition
Minerals
Noun
A chemical that your body needs to stay healthy.
Example: This set of results denotes that my diet is sufficiently diverse to supply me with the right amount of vitamins yet is somehow extremely inefficient when it comes to MINERALS.
en: Minéraux
Nutriments
noun
Any substance or matter, taken into a living organism, eliminate itself in its existence, promoting growth, replacing loss and providing energy.
Example: Parasites are organisms that are reliant on hosts for the production of NUTRIMENTS.
en: Nutriments
pH
Noun
A number that shows how strongly acid or alkaline a substance is, in a range from 0 to 14.
Example: Below pH 6.5 is acid, above pH 7.5 is alkaline.
en: pH
Portions
Noun
The amount of particular food that is served to one person.
Example: The portions are very generous in this restaurant.
en: Portions
Proteins
Noun
One of the many substances found in food such as meat, cheese, fish, or eggs, that is necessary for the body to grow and be strong
Example: New organelles form by division of pre-existing organelles, while the organelles grow by the incorporation of cellular PROTEINS and lipids.
en: Protéines
Starches
Noun
Starches are foods containing a large amount of starch, such as potatoes, rice, bread, pasta, and cereal.
Example: The cholesterol and pectin were incorporated into the standard diet to substitute for an equal amount of starch.
en: Féculents
Vitamins
Noun
Any of a group of natural substances that are necessary in small amounts for the growth and good health of the body.
